Clomid (Clomiphene)
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Clomid (Clomiphene): description and functions
Another hundred years ago the chances of becoming a mother for a woman suffering from anovulation were extremely small. But in the 60ies of the twentieth century a drug has been discovered that could successfully cope with the disorder and made it possible for a woman to conceive a child. The drug, that soon has blessed hundreds of thousands of families with an offspring, is called "clomiphene".
What is Clomid (Clomiphene)?
To understand the purpose of Clomid, you must first understand the mechanism of the female ovulation. A normal course of this process requires a stable release of gonadotropins - hormones that ensure the normal functioning of the sexual glands. In the body of a healthy woman the content of active substances is balanced, therefore there are no problems with the maturation of the ovule.
Abnormalities during the ovulation process may occur due to high levels of estrogen. Female sex hormones block the effects of gonadotropins and prohibit the normal maturation of the egg and its exit from the fallopian tube. As a result, a woman`s chances for a pregnancy are significantly reduced.
Clomid (Clomiphene) is a drug from the antiestrogens group. The drug prevents the release and effects of female sex hormones. Furthermore, Clomiphene activates the hypothalamus and ovaries, increasing the content of gonadotropins. The drug stimulates ovulation and ensures the normal process flow.
When is Clomid (Clomiphene) used?
Clomiphene is prescribed for the following diseases:
- Anovulatory ovarian dysfunction;
- Functional abnormality of the hypothalamus, which leads to hormonal imbalance;
- Oligomenorrhea (infrequent menstruation that last longer than usual);
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS);
- Galactorrhea that is caused by non-oncologic factors;
- Hyperprolactinaemia.
Furthermore, Clomiphene is used as a support drug in breast cancer.
The drug can also be used for women with no health problems in order to improve the chances of getting pregnant. The drug improves the function of the body's reproductive system and increases the likelihood of conceiving a child.
In some cases the use of clomiphene for men can be justified. The drug is prescribed for the treatment of a number of disorders:
- Adrogen deficiency (lack of adrogenic activity in the body);
- Oligospermia (unsufficient dischargeof ejaculate);
- Delayed puberty and physical development in adolescents.
Yet the main purpose of Clomiphene is a stimulation of ovulation and increasing of the reproductive ability in women. Due to the drug a lot of women were able to overcome infertility and give birth to a healthy child.
The dosage of Clomid (Clomiphene)
Efficiency and safety of Clomiphene depends on a proper dosage. The correct amount of the drug stimulates an ovulation and increases the probability of conceiving a child, while the slightest inaccuracy can make it useless or even harmful to the health.
The following text will help you to avoid mistakes and choose a proper dosage of the drug for treatment of female infertility.
The first regimen
If a woman has never been treated with Clomiphene, the dosage is 50 mg. One should take Clomid (Clomiphene) once per day before going to bed.
The ovulation stimulant should be first taken on the fifth day of a menstrual cycle. At this time the female body is most susceptible to the effect of the drug. A course of treatment is 5 days. An ovulation usually occurs between the 11-th and the 15-th day of the menstrual cycle.
Further rules of administration
If there is no result after the first use of Clomid (Clomiphene), the dosage of a drug should be increased. One should take 100 mg of Clomiphene per day, starting from the 5-th day of the next menstrual cycle.
Also, it is necessary to increase the duration of treatment. The refresher course of treatment lasts six days. A careful dose escalation significantly increases the chances of success. The ovulation should occur in the middle of a menstrual cycle.
Nevertheless, one should be prepared to face a failure. if the first attempt was unsuccessful one can use Clomiphene for the third time.
If Clomid (Clomiphene) failed to produce any results, a three-month break is required before a new course of therapy that includes Clomiphene. The dosage should be approved by a physician and should be based on the state of patient`s health and special features of the body.
Special remarks
The mentioned dosage of Clomid (Clomiphene) helps to cause ovulation in majority of women. However, in certain cases, it is needed to make adjustments in the dosage. The physician may set another dosage of a drug judging from the results of a medical exam. Changes during the treatment may be caused by insufficient reactions to Clomiphene, the severity of a disease or other factors.
Apart from the dosage it is important to comply with the rules of administration and other recommendations. The detailed information on the use of Clomiphene can be found in the corresponding material.
Side effects from Clomid (Clomiphene)
The use of Clomiphene does not have unpleasant consequences in most cases. The drug is well absorbed by the body and rarely causes side effects. But sometimes women have to face the co-occurring disorders when taking the drug to stimulate ovulation. Disorders that Clomiphene can cause will be described in this article.
Possible side effects and negative outcome after Clomid (Clomiphene)
Most often Clomiphene causes minor disorders that last for only several hours after ingestion. These side effects include dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, facial flushing, blurred vision, allergic skin reactions, fatigue and insomnia. The emergence of these adverse effects is usually associated with changes in hormonal levels of the body and its gradual drug tolerance. Some related disorders usually disappear after 2-3 days and do not reappear during further repeated treatment.
A more serious side effect is the increased likelihood of blood vessels blockage caused by blood clots. Therefore, the medicine is forbidden for women with a tendency towards vascular occlusion.
Clomid (Clomiphene) may also affect the mental state of a patient. Some women who have been treated with the drug experienced psychasthenia. It is a disorder that is accompanied by self-doubt, obsessive thoughts and fears. After completing the course of treatment this side effect normally disappears.
The most dangerous complication when using Clomiphene is ovarian hyper stimulation. The disorder is accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms:
- Flatulence.
- Pain in the lower abdomen.
- Uterine bleeding.
- High levels of estrogen in blood.
However, Clomiphene rarely causes ovarian hyper stimulation. Such serious disorders occur only in isolated cases.
What to do if there are any side effects?
Adverse aftereffects after taking the drug can be ignored if they are mild and cause little inconvenience. Most women undergo treatment without serious discomfort.
In cases when the patient's health is getting worse, a medical examination and a physician`s consult are absolutely necessary. Perhaps Clomid (Clomiphene) has a strong impact on the body and the medication dosage should be reduced.
If noticing any signs of ovarian hyper stimulation, one must immediately contact a medical facility. After a proper exam the doctor will prescribe additional medications or will replace Clomiphene with a less potent medication.
